Dentistry, Ophthalmology, Otolaryngology (치과, 안과, 이비인후과 / Chikwa, Ankwa, Ibiinhukwa)
Dentistry, Ophthalmology, Otolaryngology
치과, 안과, 이비인후과 / Chikwa, Ankwa, Ibiinhukwa
Translation and backgrounder by Stephen Mercado
A quarterly journal covering science and technology related to medical care for teeth, eyes, the head and the neck, published by the Science and Encyclopedia Publishing House.
Journal Title: The journal title has various renderings. Dentistry, Ophthalmology. Otolaryngology is the name in English. Its name in a simplified version of the standard McCune-Reischauer (M-R) transliteration system and the actual title in Korean are listed above. Its full M-R transliteration, as used in catalogs of the Library of Congress and other major libraries, is Ch’ikwa, ankwa, ibiinhukwa. In North Korean media, the journal’s title is transliterated Chigwa, Angwa, Ibiinhugwa.
Author Information: Editorials and anecdotes of the Revolution (혁명 일화) are unsigned. The research papers show author names but lack other information common to science papers, such as academic or professional affiliation, academic titles, areas of research or author biography. The journal’s title suggests possible author affiliation with relevant State Academy of Sciences (SAS) institutes, academic departments and/or hospitals.
Subject Matter: The articles have to do with the development of various practices and techniques for the medical care of teeth, eyes, head and neck.
References: Authors publishing in this journal tend to cite domestic, Chinese, Japanese and Western monographs and journal articles. Domestic citations include the Science and Encyclopedia Publishing House’s book 안과수술 [Eye Surgery] (2000). Among Chinese journals is 上海口腔医学 (Shanghai Journal of Stomatology). Japanese periodicals cited include 日歯周誌 (Journal of the Japanese Society of Periodontology), 日本口腔科学会雑誌 (Journal of the Japanese Stomatological Society), and Japan’s 歯科技工 (International Journal of Dental Technology). Referenced Western literature includes the American Journal of Dentistry, the European Journal of Orthodontics, and the Journal of Head and Neck Surgery.
Sections: Each issue comprises a front cover; an unnumbered page with a framed quotation of one of the three generations of the Kim family; a table of contents (TOC) in Korean; the articles; the publishing information; and the back cover. Regime messages/propaganda appear throughout the journal.
In recent years, the front cover shows a slogan over the journal title, under which is the name of the publisher, the issue number and year of issue, and the corporate logo. The TOC in Korean starts with two or three items, each either an editorial or an anecdote of the Revolution. There follows some number of articles under the section “Research Results” (연구성과) or some similar title such as “Research Results and Experience” (연구성과와 겅험). Other sections that often appear in the journal are “General Remarks and Data” (종설 및 자료), “News” (상식), and “Legal Commentary” (법무해헐). Following the last item is the publishing information. The back cover shows the periodical publication number and the journal’s International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) over a bar code in recent years.
Publisher: The publisher’s name, in English, is the Science and Encyclopedia Publishing House. It is the Kwahak Paekkwa Sajon Chulpansa in simplified M-R and 과학백과사전출판사 in Korean. The publisher’s name appears in Korean on the journal’s cover and in English on the copyright line on the publishing information page. In addition, the front cover includes the publisher’s logo: a globe, with a representation of the atom imposed at the top and an abbreviated version of the publisher’s Korean name, 백과 (Paekkwa), at the bottom.
Prior to Issue 3, 2018, the publisher’s name printed on the front cover was 의학과학출판사 (Uihak Kwahak Chulpansa, the Medical Science Publishing House). Confusingly, the front cover for 2016, 2017, and the first two issues of 2018 show the Medical Science Publishing House name together with the Paekkwa corporate logo.
The publisher publishes an issue each quarter, starting in January, for a total of four issues per year. Issue 4 (September), 2020—the latest issue available at the time of writing—was, according to the table of contents and the publishing information page, cumulative issue number 68. The publishing information page also indicated that there was an editorial committee (no members named), the publisher was the Science and Encyclopedia Publishing House, the place of printing was the Pyongyang General Printing Plant, the date of printing was 29 September Juche 109 (2020), and the date of issue was 13 October Juche 109 (2020). The copyright line was © Science and Encyclopedia Publishing House 2020, DPR Korea. The publishing information has shown changes over time. Issue 3, 2011—the earliest issue available—listed the publisher as the Medical Science Publishing House but showed no publishing company in its copyright line or telephone number.