Skip to Main Content
38 North
Search
Menu
Informed analysis of events in and around North Korea
About
38 North
Topics
Book Reviews
Commentary
Domestic Affairs
Economy
Foreign Affairs
Human Security
James Church
Media Analysis
Military Affairs
NK Instability Project
NK Nuclear Futures
Panoramas
Satellite Imagery
Videos
WMD
Authors
Atlas
Resources
Media
News / Press
Affiliates
Search
Search
Search
Authors
Find an Author:
Search
Go to Top
W
a
i
M
o
e
A
Go to Top
A
n
d
r
a
y
A
b
r
a
h
a
m
i
a
n
M
o
r
t
o
n
A
b
r
a
m
o
w
i
t
z
F
e
l
i
x
A
b
t
D
a
v
i
d
A
l
b
r
i
g
h
t
S
t
e
v
e
A
n
d
r
e
a
s
e
n
O
t
t
a
r
A
n
d
r
e
a
s
e
n
C
h
a
r
l
e
s
A
r
m
s
t
r
o
n
g
F
r
a
n
k
A
u
m
B
Go to Top
B
r
a
d
l
e
y
O
.
B
a
b
s
o
n
J
e
f
f
B
a
r
o
n
N
a
t
h
a
n
B
e
a
u
c
h
a
m
p
-
M
u
s
t
a
f
a
g
a
A
n
d
r
e
a
B
e
r
g
e
r
J
o
s
e
p
h
S
.
B
e
r
m
u
d
e
z
J
r
.
E
d
w
a
r
d
D
.
B
l
a
n
d
f
o
r
d
S
t
e
p
h
e
n
J
.
B
l
a
n
k
D
a
n
i
e
l
B
o
b
T
i
m
B
r
o
w
n
W
i
l
l
i
a
m
B
r
o
w
n
S
c
o
t
t
B
r
u
c
e
C
Go to Top
R
o
b
e
r
t
C
a
r
l
i
n
B
o
o
s
e
u
n
g
C
h
a
n
g
Y
o
u
n
g
-
K
e
u
n
C
h
a
n
g
M
i
k
e
C
h
i
n
o
y
C
h
o
i
Y
o
u
n
g
-
j
i
n
K
a
n
g
C
H
O
I
C
h
r
i
s
t
i
n
e
C
h
u
n
g
J
a
m
e
s
C
h
u
r
c
h
G
r
a
c
e
R
u
c
h
C
l
e
g
g
D
a
v
i
d
C
o
b
l
e
n
t
z
R
o
b
e
r
t
a
C
o
h
e
n
R
o
b
e
r
t
C
o
l
l
i
n
s
R
a
l
p
h
C
o
s
s
a
S
t
e
p
h
e
n
C
o
s
t
e
l
l
o
D
Go to Top
L
a
r
s
-
E
r
i
k
D
e
G
e
e
r
K
e
n
n
e
t
h
B
.
D
e
k
l
e
v
a
M
.
D
.
J
o
h
n
D
e
l
u
r
y
L
a
w
r
e
n
c
e
D
e
r
m
o
d
y
J
o
s
e
p
h
D
e
T
h
o
m
a
s
J
o
s
e
p
h
R
.
D
e
T
r
a
n
i
C
a
t
h
e
r
i
n
e
D
i
l
l
A
n
d
y
D
i
n
v
i
l
l
e
E
Go to Top
M
i
c
h
a
e
l
E
l
l
e
m
a
n
F
Go to Top
J
o
h
n
F
e
f
f
e
r
H
e
n
r
i
F
é
r
o
n
G
l
y
n
F
o
r
d
G
e
o
f
f
r
e
y
F
o
r
d
e
n
A
i
d
a
n
F
o
s
t
e
r
-
C
a
r
t
e
r
R
u
e
d
i
g
e
r
F
r
a
n
k
C
a
r
l
a
F
r
e
e
m
a
n
G
Go to Top
E
u
a
n
G
r
a
h
a
m
W
i
l
l
i
a
m
R
.
G
r
a
h
a
m
H
u
g
h
G
r
i
f
f
i
t
h
s
H
Go to Top
S
t
e
p
h
a
n
H
a
g
g
a
r
d
M
e
l
i
s
s
a
H
a
n
h
a
m
N
i
c
k
H
a
n
s
e
n
D
a
v
i
d
H
a
w
k
P
e
t
e
r
H
a
y
e
s
S
i
e
g
f
r
i
e
d
S
.
H
e
c
k
e
r
O
l
l
i
H
e
i
n
o
n
e
n
J
a
m
e
s
E
.
H
o
a
r
e
C
h
r
i
s
t
i
n
e
H
o
n
g
V
i
c
t
o
r
W
.
C
.
H
s
u
T
h
o
m
a
s
C
.
H
u
b
b
a
r
d
I
Go to Top
R
a
n
d
a
l
l
I
r
e
s
o
n
J
Go to Top
V
a
n
J
a
c
k
s
o
n
F
r
a
n
k
J
a
n
n
u
z
i
J
e
n
n
y
J
u
n
K
Go to Top
D
a
v
i
d
K
a
n
g
B
e
n
j
a
m
i
n
K
a
t
z
e
f
f
S
i
l
b
e
r
s
t
e
i
n
R
o
b
e
r
t
K
e
l
l
e
y
J
a
m
e
s
K
i
e
s
s
l
i
n
g
S
p
e
n
c
e
r
H
.
K
i
m
Y
o
n
h
o
K
i
m
D
o
n
a
l
d
K
i
r
k
S
t
e
p
h
a
n
i
e
K
l
e
i
n
e
-
A
h
l
b
r
a
n
d
t
B
r
u
c
e
K
l
i
n
g
n
e
r
N
a
t
K
r
e
t
c
h
u
n
L
Go to Top
A
m
b
e
r
L
e
e
C
h
a
r
l
e
s
L
e
e
J
e
a
n
H
.
L
e
e
L
E
E
B
y
o
n
g
-
C
h
u
l
K
a
r
i
n
J
.
L
e
e
H
e
e
O
k
L
e
e
J
a
m
e
s
A
.
L
e
w
i
s
J
e
f
f
r
e
y
L
e
w
i
s
J
e
n
n
i
f
e
r
L
i
n
d
J
a
c
k
L
i
u
K
e
n
n
e
t
h
N
.
L
u
o
n
g
o
M
Go to Top
M
i
c
h
a
e
l
M
a
d
d
e
n
J
.
R
.
M
a
i
l
e
y
A
l
e
x
a
n
d
r
e
M
a
n
s
o
u
r
o
v
P
h
i
l
i
p
M
a
x
o
n
W
i
l
l
i
a
m
R
.
M
c
K
i
n
n
e
y
G
a
r
t
h
M
c
L
e
n
n
a
n
C
u
r
t
i
s
M
e
l
v
i
n
A
a
r
o
n
D
a
v
i
d
M
i
l
l
e
r
N
i
k
o
M
i
l
o
n
o
p
o
u
l
o
s
C
h
u
n
g
-
i
n
M
o
o
n
E
g
l
e
M
u
r
a
u
s
k
a
i
t
e
N
Go to Top
R
i
c
h
a
r
d
N
e
p
h
e
w
M
a
r
c
u
s
N
o
l
a
n
d
P
Go to Top
F
r
a
n
k
P
a
b
i
a
n
S
c
o
t
t
P
a
c
e
R
a
m
o
n
P
a
c
h
e
c
o
P
a
r
d
o
H
a
k
s
o
o
n
P
a
i
k
K
y
u
n
g
-
A
e
P
a
r
k
T
e
r
r
y
P
a
r
k
S
.
N
a
t
h
a
n
P
a
r
k
J
a
m
e
s
P
e
r
s
o
n
R
o
b
e
r
t
J
.
P
e
t
e
r
s
L
e
o
n
i
d
P
e
t
r
o
v
J
o
s
h
u
a
P
o
l
l
a
c
k
D
a
r
y
l
P
r
e
s
s
R
Go to Top
R
a
J
o
n
g
-
Y
i
l
L
u
c
y
R
e
e
d
M
i
t
c
h
e
l
l
R
e
i
s
s
A
l
a
n
D
.
R
o
m
b
e
r
g
S
Go to Top
D
a
v
i
d
E
.
S
a
n
g
e
r
T
i
m
o
t
h
y
S
a
v
a
g
e
R
a
l
p
h
S
a
v
e
l
s
b
e
r
g
M
a
r
k
u
s
S
c
h
i
l
l
e
r
J
o
h
n
S
c
h
i
l
l
i
n
g
D
a
v
i
d
S
c
h
m
e
r
l
e
r
R
o
b
e
r
t
H
.
S
c
h
m
u
c
k
e
r
G
e
o
f
f
r
e
y
K
.
S
e
e
B
e
r
n
h
a
r
d
S
e
l
i
g
e
r
G
i
-
W
o
o
k
S
h
i
n
L
e
o
n
V
.
S
i
g
a
l
R
o
o
p
e
S
i
i
r
t
o
l
a
B
a
r
b
a
r
a
S
l
a
v
i
n
S
h
e
i
l
a
A
.
S
m
i
t
h
S
c
o
t
t
S
n
y
d
e
r
R
i
c
h
a
r
d
S
o
k
o
l
s
k
y
P
a
u
l
B
.
S
t
a
r
e
s
R
i
c
h
a
r
d
S
t
o
n
e
J
a
s
o
n
S
t
r
o
t
h
e
r
Y
u
n
S
u
n
T
Go to Top
Y
u
k
i
T
a
t
s
u
m
i
P
a
u
l
T
j
i
a
G
e
o
r
g
y
T
o
l
o
r
a
y
a
J
e
n
n
y
T
o
w
n
V
Go to Top
M
a
r
k
V
a
l
e
n
c
i
a
J
o
n
V
a
n
D
y
k
e
D
a
v
i
d
v
o
n
H
i
p
p
e
l
A
l
e
x
a
n
d
e
r
V
o
r
o
n
t
s
o
v
W
Go to Top
E
r
i
c
h
W
e
i
n
g
a
r
t
n
e
r
D
a
n
i
e
l
W
e
r
t
z
M
a
r
t
y
n
W
i
l
l
i
a
m
s
J
o
e
l
S
.
W
i
t
D
a
v
i
d
W
r
i
g
h
t
Y
Go to Top
C
h
a
n
g
-
S
e
o
k
Y
a
n
g
A
n
d
r
e
w
Y
e
o
Z
Go to Top
M
i
c
h
a
e
l
J
.
Z
a
g
u
r
e
k
J
r
.
Facebook
Twitter
RSS Feed
Subscribe
38 North is a project of
The
US-Korea Institute
at
Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS)
.
Copyright © 2009-2017.
All rights reserved.
